Life cycle assessment of additive manufacturing processes: A review

Growing consciousness regarding the environmental impacts of additive manufacturing (AM) processes has led to research focusing on quantifying their using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. The main objective this paper is review state art existing LCA studies AM processes. In paper, a systematic literature carried out where total 77 papers LCA, including social-Life (S-LCA), are analyzed. Accordingly, application methodology different technologies was studied and themes such as goal scope studies, life cycle inventory data for technologies, part quality mechanical properties, environmental, economic, social performances various factors affecting AM´s sustainability potential were Based critical analysis research, five major shortcomings realized: (i) some under studied; (ii) more focus only dimension AM, neglecting its economic dimensions; (iii) exclusion pat performance from assessment; (iv) not enough stages after product manufacture by AM; (v) effect variables extensively. Lastly, based these realized, following directions future works suggested: inclusion new materials technologies; transition triple-bottom-line assessment considering dimensions extending post-manufacture products; development predictive impact cost models; integration characterization with technologies.